A Diffuse Leptomeningeal Glioneural Tumor Case Producing Hydrocephalus and Polyradiculopathy

The present report describes the case of a male 17-year-old patient who progressively developed a hydrocephalus and polyradiculopathy due to involvement of central nervous system (CNS) by a diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor (DLGNT). The tumor had partial remission in response to the treatment with radiotherapy plus procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV) chemotherapy, and the patient had improvement in function and pain levels. The current knowledge about DLGNT, including its clinical manifestations, imaging findings, histological characteristics, and treatment are revised and discussed in the present paper.

Superior Sagittal Sinus Invasion by Malignant Glioma: Case Report and Literature Review

Anaplastic oligodendrogliomas (AOs) correspond to 23% of all oligodendrogliomas. They correspond to a tumor with malignant histological characteristics, focal or diffuse, associated with a worse prognosis. In the present case report, we describe the case of a 30-year-old female submitted to resection of a right parietal lesion whose histology showed to be an AO. She underwent complementary treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy according to the Roger Stupp protocol. Four years after the initial diagnosis, there was tumor recurrence within the superior sagittal sinus, with no evidence of recurrence elsewhere. In the literature, we have found no similar published case reinforcing the rarity of this condition.

Treatment updates regarding anaplastic oligodendroglioma and anaplastic oligoastrocytoma

Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma / Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma [AO/AOA] is a WHO Grade-III primary brain tumor. These tumors comprise about 5 - 10% of all gliomas, which make them the third most common primary brain tumors after glioblastoma multiforme and astrocytomas. For many years standard of treatment remained Maximum Safe Resection [MSR] followed by Radiotherapy [RT]. These tumors have also been known to be sensitive to alkylator-based chemotherapy particularly the subset having 1p/19q co-deletion signature. There is robust data showing that these tumors are responsive to chemotherapy in recurrent or progressive setting. Recently, up front chemotherapy has been added to standard post-surgery RT. It has been found that subset of AO/AOA having 1p/19q co-deletion responded very well to the addition of chemotherapy. This substantial benefit in terms of median Overall Survival [OS] and median Progression Free Survival [PFS] have intrigued the personalized treatment of AO/AOA on the basis of molecular signature markers

Meningeoma pós-radioterapia / Radiation-induced meningioma

Os meningeomas são neoplasias derivadas das células aracnóideas, sendo sua origem ligada a alterações genéticas idiopáticas (deleção do braço longo do cromossomo 22), doenças predisponentes à sua formação e indução por radioterapia. Relata-se o caso de um homem de 50 anos com meningeoma pós-radioterapia diagnosticado 20 anos após o tratamento de um oligodendroglioma. Os critérios que suportam o diagnóstico de meningeoma induzido por radioterapia são discutidos, assim como é revisada a literatura pertinente ao assunto.

Meningiomas are neoplasms derived from arachnoid cells with their origin linked to idiopathic genetic abnormalities (delection of the long arm of chromosome 22), predisposing diseases and radiotherapy induction. We report the case of a 50 years-old man radiation-induced meningioma 20 years after the diagnosis, surgical and radiation treatment of an oligodendroglioma. The supporting diagnostic criteria of radiation-induced meningiomas are discussed and the pertinent literature of the theme is revised.

Oligodendroglioma intraventricular primário / Primary intraventricular oligodendroglioma

Os autores apresentam 2 casos de oligodendrogliomaa localizado primariamente dentro dos ventrículos laterais. Clinicamente manifestaram-se por sinais de hipertensäo intracraniana, o que é mais comum nestes casos, associado à sindrome hemiparkinsoniana em 1. O diagnóstico foi feito através da tomografia. Os pacientes foram operados, havendo extirpaçäo total da lesäo. Na revisäo da literatura, ficou patente a raridade deste tipo de glioma no interior dos ventriculos cerebrais